Møn has been inhabited since ancient times. The first traces of human settlement date back about 14,500 years, yet it is the burial mounds from the Bronze Age that remain as the most visible remnant of the ancient cultures that used to inhabit the island. There are about 800 such mounds on Møn, and although many of these have been ploughed over, they can still be spotted in the landscape. The Vikings also left their mark; for example, it is believed that the names of many of Møn’s villages originate from the Viking Age, including Røddinge and Keldby.

Møn flourished in the Middle Ages due to its herring fisheries, which made the island’s inhabitants exceedingly wealthy. It was during this period of prosperity that Stege Church and the six other medieval churches on Møn and Bogø were established. After the herring fisheries went into decline, life on Møn was increasingly based on agriculture, which gradually became industrialised.

In 1943 Møn was connected by bridge to Sjælland, which resulted in an increase in the quality of life and working opportunities for the people of Møn, and an increase in tourism. Today, Møn is a popular tourist destination, and tourism is a major source of income for the area.